Übersetzung und Analyse von Wörtern durch künstliche Intelligenz ChatGPT
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nut-gall - Übersetzung nach russisch
![Gall from a jade plant (''[[Crassula ovata]]'')](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Crassula ovata gall.jpg?width=200 "Gall from a jade plant (''[[Crassula ovata]]'')")
![Galls can also appear on skeletal animals and in the [[fossil]] record. Two galls with perforations on a [[crinoid]] stem (''Apiocrinites negevensis'') from the Middle [[Jurassic]] of southern [[Israel]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/CrinoidGalls072713.jpg?width=200 "Galls can also appear on skeletal animals and in the [[fossil]] record. Two galls with perforations on a [[crinoid]] stem (''Apiocrinites negevensis'') from the Middle [[Jurassic]] of southern [[Israel]].")
![Galls caused by an Eriophyid mite ([[Eriophyidae]]) on ''[[Banksia integrifolia]]'' [[infructescence]] in [[Melbourne]], Australia](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Galls Banksia integrifolia2021.jpg?width=200 "Galls caused by an Eriophyid mite ([[Eriophyidae]]) on ''[[Banksia integrifolia]]'' [[infructescence]] in [[Melbourne]], Australia")
![Goldenrod]] round gall made by the fly ''[[Eurosta solidaginis]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Goldenrod round gall.jpg?width=200 "Goldenrod]] round gall made by the fly ''[[Eurosta solidaginis]]''")
![Sectioned oak marble gall showing central "cell", [[inquiline]] chamber, and exit-hole with a possibly parasitised stunted gall specimen.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Oak marble gall sectioned.JPG?width=200 "Sectioned oak marble gall showing central \"cell\", [[inquiline]] chamber, and exit-hole with a possibly parasitised stunted gall specimen.")
![''[[Rhododendron ferrugineum]]'' infected by an ''[[Exobasidium]]'' fungus.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/RHODODENDRON FERRUGINEUM - GENTO - IB-137 (Neret).JPG?width=200 "''[[Rhododendron ferrugineum]]'' infected by an ''[[Exobasidium]]'' fungus.")
![Gall on a [[maple]] leaf](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Maple leaf gall.jpg?width=200 "Gall on a [[maple]] leaf")
![wild rose]] in summer](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Diplolepis-rosae.jpg?width=200 "wild rose]] in summer")
![[[Oak artichoke gall]] (''Andricus fecundator'')](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Andricus foecundatrix Quercus01.jpg?width=200 "[[Oak artichoke gall]] (''Andricus fecundator'')")
![[[Knopper gall]] (''[[Andricus quercuscalicis]]'')](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gallwespe bedient sich Eichel2.jpg?width=200 "[[Knopper gall]] (''[[Andricus quercuscalicis]]'')")
![[[Eucalyptus]] leaf gall](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eucalyptus gall.jpg?width=200 "[[Eucalyptus]] leaf gall")
![''[[Andricus kollari]]'' [[oak gall]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Oak Gall.jpg?width=200 "''[[Andricus kollari]]'' [[oak gall]]")
![[[Gymnosporangium]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gymnosporangium juniperii telial form.jpg?width=200 "[[Gymnosporangium]]")
![[[Oak]] marble galls, one with a gall fly exit hole and another with ''Phoma gallarum'' fungal attack](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Oak marble galls 1.JPG?width=200 "[[Oak]] marble galls, one with a gall fly exit hole and another with ''Phoma gallarum'' fungal attack")
![pedunculate oak]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Red-Pea gall Cynips divisa on Oak.JPG?width=200 "pedunculate oak]]")
![[[Cola-nut gall]]s (''[[Andricus lignicola]]'') on pedunculate oak](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Andricus lignicola - Cola-nut Gall.JPG?width=200 "[[Cola-nut gall]]s (''[[Andricus lignicola]]'') on pedunculate oak")
![[[Pineapple gall]] on [[Sitka spruce]] caused by ''[[Adelges abietis]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pineapple gall.JPG?width=200 "[[Pineapple gall]] on [[Sitka spruce]] caused by ''[[Adelges abietis]]''")
![Developing pineapple pseudocone galls on [[Norway spruce]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Developing Pineapple Gall.JPG?width=200 "Developing pineapple pseudocone galls on [[Norway spruce]]")
![Gall of ''[[Japanagromyza inferna]]'' in ''[[Centrosema virginianum]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gall of Japanagromyza inferna in Centrosema virginianum L. - ZooKeys-374-045-g006.jpg?width=200 "Gall of ''[[Japanagromyza inferna]]'' in ''[[Centrosema virginianum]]''")
![An [[oak]] tree with multiple [[oak apple]]s](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Oakgall3800ppx.JPG?width=200 "An [[oak]] tree with multiple [[oak apple]]s")
![Lime nail galls]] (''Eriophyes tiliae tiliae'')](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eriophyes tilae tilae close up.JPG?width=200 "Lime nail galls]] (''Eriophyes tiliae tiliae'')")
![Leaf galls on ''[[Rhododendron ferrugineum]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rhododendron ferrugineum b.JPG?width=200 "Leaf galls on ''[[Rhododendron ferrugineum]]''")
![''[[Dasineura investita]]'' nettle gall](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dasineura investita gall.jpg?width=200 "''[[Dasineura investita]]'' nettle gall")
![''[[Schizomyia impatientis]]'' jewelweed flower gall](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Schizomyia impatientis galls.jpg?width=200 "''[[Schizomyia impatientis]]'' jewelweed flower gall")
![''[[Pachypsylla celtidisumbilicus]]'' hackberry gall](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pachypsylla celtidisumbilicus gall.jpg?width=200 "''[[Pachypsylla celtidisumbilicus]]'' hackberry gall")
![''[[Neolasioptera boehmeriae]]'' false nettle stem gall](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Neolasioptera boehmeriae crop.jpg?width=200 "''[[Neolasioptera boehmeriae]]'' false nettle stem gall")
![''[[Kokkocynips rileyi]]'' oak gall](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kokkocynips rileyi oak gall crop.jpg?width=200 "''[[Kokkocynips rileyi]]'' oak gall")
![''[[Phylloteras poculum]]'' oak galls](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Phylloteras poculum oak gall crop.jpg?width=200 "''[[Phylloteras poculum]]'' oak galls")
![''[[Eucalyptus cypellocarpa]]'' at [[The Gap Scenic Reserve]], [[Australia]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bottle Tree Eucalyptus cypellocarpa.jpg?width=200 "''[[Eucalyptus cypellocarpa]]'' at [[The Gap Scenic Reserve]], [[Australia]]")
![Gall attack on [[Eucalyptus]] due to ''[[Leptocybe invasa]]'' at [[Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gall attack.JPG?width=200 "Gall attack on [[Eucalyptus]] due to ''[[Leptocybe invasa]]'' at [[Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University]]")
![Fruit gall on ''[[Actinidia polygama]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Actinidia polygama mushi.jpg?width=200 "Fruit gall on ''[[Actinidia polygama]]''")
существительное
общая лексика
чернильный орех
Definition
Wikipedia
Galls (from the Latin galla, 'oak-apple') or cecidia (from the Greek kēkidion, anything gushing out) are a kind of swelling growth on the external tissues of plants, fungi, or animals. Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues, similar to benign tumors or warts in animals. They can be caused by various parasites, from viruses, fungi and bacteria, to other plants, insects and mites. Plant galls are often highly organized structures so that the cause of the gall can often be determined without the actual agent being identified. This applies particularly to some insect and mite plant galls. The study of plant galls is known as cecidology.
In human pathology, a gall is a raised sore on the skin, usually caused by chafing or rubbing.
